Explain the mechanism of "QR code"!How to read and create on a smartphone and how to create it

It has been increasingly seeing "QR code" in which black and white squares are printed in a square frame at the cashier and posters of the shop.It is used in various scenes, such as payment, downloading apps, and adding LINE friends to read information simply by holding a smartphone camera.

This time, I will introduce the mechanism of QR code, introduction examples, and actual use again.

The QR code is a technology that can read information like a barcode simply by holding a camera such as a smartphone.In addition to the examples listed at the beginning, it is printed on signboards and advertisements, stock management at factories, and issuing tickets for reserved movies, etc.

Now that it has spread to the world with the spread of smartphones, it is a Japanese -born technology developed by Densowave Co., Ltd. in 1994.It was developed in response to the needs of "I want to store more information" for barcodes, which can record up to 20 characters of about 20 characters.

The evolution of the barcode is not a "one -dimensional code" that records information sideways, but a "two -dimensional code" that records information in two directions, vertically and horizontally.In the case of data with a large capacity, it is difficult to print on the product package with the digit of the code with a barcode.A QR code that can be recorded in two dimensions can store several tens to hundreds of times more information.

As a technology for reading information, there are many advantages of QR code.

■ The first advantage that you can record large data is that you can record larger data compared to barcodes.In the case of the most large -capacity "version 40" and the erroneous correction level L, the maximum kanji / kana can be stored at a maximum of 1,817 characters, 4,296 characters in alphanumeric characters, and 7,089 characters for only numbers.

Conventional barcodes were assigned a limited digit to the country number, business code, product code, etc. of the product, and obtained product information by matching it with the leader database, but large -capacity data.Because it can be stored, a wide range of information can be recorded not only for allocation, but also in the name, production date, and expiration date.

In addition, we can read the URL of websites and apps, making it possible to cooperate with the Internet.

■ The advantage of QR code is that you can read at high speed that can be read at high speed from any angle.Because there is a square "cut -out symbol" placed on the three horns, the existence of the code and the code area can be immediately recognized, and it can be read at high speed from any angle, so it is quite recognized.It is unrelated to the stress such as being waiting for you.

■ It is resistant to damage and dirt, and the QR code is resistant to damage and dirt.Even if a part of the code is missing, it has an "error correction function" that restores data by itself.

The incorrect correction function has a level of four levels, and the higher the level, the higher the QR code dirt and the deficit rate.In general use, the use of level Q and H is recommended in environments such as level L, M, and factories that are easy to get dirty.

■ Reading by image processing of camera shooting data, it is one of the major factors in the spread of QR code to be able to read the data by camera image processing without the need for a dedicated leader (reader).Until now, the barcodes were read by lasers and special sensors, so they needed a dedicated leader that could be found in supermarkets and convenience stores.With QR code, those initial investment can be reduced.

一見すると解読不能に見えるQRコードだが、その構造は一定のルールに基づいている。ここからはTIME & SPACEのURLを示したQRコードをもとに、どの部分がどんな役割を果たしているのか、詳しく解説したい。

(1) Cell (language) First, the black -and -white square (cell) that exists in the code is actually set to represent a language in a dinner method.In other words, the black -and -white square is a collection of 0 and 1, a recorded language itself.

(2) Cut out symbol and square in the four corners are "cut out symbols".It has the role of accurately detecting the position detection or the outer shape of the distorted code, and the camera can recognize the target as a QR code by capturing it, and can read at high speed from any angle.

By the way, the square was adopted because only the code around the code and the shape of the cord were extracted quickly.As a result of the development team survey of more than 5,000 pages, flyers, packages, etc., the square that adopted the most unused ratio was square.The ratio of its arrangement, number, and size is determined based on statistics.

(3) Timing pattern Black cells and white cells are alternately placed, playing a role in detecting QR code coordinates.

④ This part, which looks like a small eyeball at the bottom right of the alignment pattern, plays an important role in correcting the gap and distortion that occurs in each cell even when the camera is held diagonally.

⑤ Format information (error correction function) The area around the cut out symbol determines the level of the "error correction function" mentioned above.The error correction level is set by the pattern of this array.

It is a data area that can be designed for parts other than ② to ⑤ above.In addition, the entire QR code is called a "mask" to place white and black squares in a well -balanced manner.It is thanks to the mask correction that you do not see the black and buried code.Based on the eight types of laws, it is a mechanism that reverses white and black colors while maintaining the recorded language.

Although it is such a QR code, how is it used specifically?Here are some typical examples of introduction.

■ QR code payments are now spreading worldwide.The payment is completed in no time by reading the QR code prepared next to the cash register with a dedicated application or having the store read the QR code displayed on your smartphone screen.In particular, the dissemination in China and South Korea has been remarkable, and QR code payments are commonplace from department stores to restaurants, stalls and stalls.

In addition, QR code payments are beginning to spread in Japan, and KDDI started "au Pay" on April 9, 2019.The price is paid from the balance of the au Wallet prepaid card, and the payment is completed by displaying the QR code from the "au Wallet" application and having it read at the cash register.AU Pay payments will also accumulate Wallet points, and you can also charge the accumulated Wallet points and use them for payment.

■ Many people search for IDs and names when following an account information such as Twitter and LINE on QR code SNS.However, it is also true that long character strings are troublesome.Therefore, if you rely on the QR code, you can register account information such as Twitter and LINE simply by holding the smartphone camera.It is also convenient when exchanging contact information for the first time.

■ Entrance and exit management In some events, such as soccer, baseball stadiums, and concerts, there are cases where entry with QR code has been introduced in Ticketless.It is a system that can be easily entered by booking a game on the Internet and holding the QR code sent to the smartphone over the local leader.In addition, there are cases in which airports and railway ticket gates and bus tickets have been introduced, and QR code is also active in managing entry and exit.

■ Management of inventory and processes at manufacturing sites is not well known, but QR code is a technology made for factories in the first place.In addition to the management of inventory and parts at the manufacturing site, it is easier to track the manufacturing process by applying individual QR code to the product.In addition, it is used in all kinds of scenes, such as entering and exiting apparel products, stock management at stores, and picking in a warehouse.

By the way, from here, the practice.Let's introduce how to read the actual QR code.

■ In the case of iPhone, first of all, how to read the QR code on the iPhone.In the iPhone, it is possible to read with the standard camera app from iOS 11.

(1) Start the "Camera" app and put the QR code you want to read on the screen.② Tap the reading result displayed at the top of the screen.

■ Android is the case of Android.As with the iPhone, the reading of the QR code is completed quickly.

① Press and hold the home button to start the Google Assistant.② Tap the Google lens icon and put the QR code you want to read on the screen.(3) Tap the QR code to display the reading result.

In addition, QR code can be created by a dedicated application.The app "Official QR code reader" Q "", which was created by the cooperation of Denso Wave Co., Ltd., which developed the QR code, can convert text, URL, contact information, location information, etc. with simple operations.Of course, it can be used as a leader as well as creation.

[How to create] Install "Official QR code reader" Q "" and launch it, and tap the icon with+to the QR code at the bottom right.The options for "URL", "Text" and "Contact" are displayed, so select what you want to convert to QR.

For example, if you select "URL", enter the URL you want to code the QR code in the displayed window, and tap "Create a QR code", the QR code can be created in a few seconds.The range of use depends on the device, such as printing the contacts and portfolio QR code on a business card.

When the QR code is created, it is recommended to add a sentence "QR code is a registered trademark of Densowave Co., Ltd.".For more information, please check the "intellectual property right of QR code" by Denso Wave Co., Ltd.

A QR code that allows you to read information quickly just by holding a smartphone camera.In recent years, the momentum of cashlessness is increasing, and it is likely to be used in more familiar scenes in the future.If you haven't used it yet, please take this opportunity to experience the convenience.